The map above shows the number of prisoners in each country around the world per 100,000 people. The data comes from The thirteenth edition of the World Prison Population List for October 2021.
The United States is the outlier at the high-end with 629 prisoners per 100,000 people or 0.629% of Americans are in prison t any given moment. At the other extreme is San Marino which has 0 prisoners per 100,000 people.
The map above doesn’t actually seem to use the latest data available which is as follows: