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The Genetic Map Of Europe

149 Comments

genetic map of Europe

Map created by eupedia.com

The map above, created by eupedia.com, shows the genetic makeup of European countries based on Haplogroups. These groups each share a common ancestor and can be one way of looking at the genetic makeup of a population.

In humans, haplogroups can either be based on Y-DNA which is passed from father to son or mtDNA which is passed from mother to offspring of both sexes.

The map above is only based on Y-DNA, thus only shows male common ancestors not female ones. Moreover, it should obviously not be used to imply that any country is better than any other. While we there may be differences between some of us, we are all equal.

The map does highlight some rather interesting things. Here are just a few:

  • The British Isles have much more common with people from France, Spain and Portugal than they do with people from Scandinavia.
  • While Finland shares some similar background to the Baltic states, it’s Y-DNA groups are quite different from the other Nordic countries.
  • Austria and Germany despite both being German speaking, have quite different Y-DNA groups. However, Austria and Hungary look remarkably similar.
  • The Balkans is probably the most genetically diverse region in Europe.
  • Iceland only has significant numbers of people from 4 different haplogroups.

And just so people don’t take the map too seriously, here’s what reddit user tigranater commented when the map was posted on reddit:

I wish those labels would go away on this oft-reposted map. To clarify, those labels have no scientific meaning. They are what the original creator of the map assigned as ethnic labels to haplogroups, but are just plain misleading as haplogroups are haplogroups and nothing else.

For example I’ve seen this map used to argue “Poland is more Aryan than Germany”, which makes no sense as the R1a haplogroup isn’t an Aryan haplogroup, it’s just the R1a haplogroup. Interestingly enough, the R1a haplogroup is found primarily around the Proto-Indo-European homeland and in India, so in the case of that particular haplogroup there is a definite correspondence between descendants of Indo-Europeans and the haplogroup.

But the case of R1a is the exception not the rule. Almost all of Europe speaks IE languages yet the haplogroups are so diverse.

Notice anything else interesting about the map? Then leave a comment below:

Note: Please keep all comments civil and focused on the map. We do not tolerate racists and/or bigoted comments on this site.

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Comments

  3. There is a brown colour with the letter “K”, but there’s no description for that group of people. Who are they?

    Reply

    • To answer your question, first remember above that those labels above were the opinion of the maker of the system, not scientifically meaningful designations. With that in mind, you are correct, when referring to nationality, there is no such thing as Anatolian. But when you begin to discus ethnicity, which is more about common ancestry than national origin, both Turkish and Anatolian are acceptable ethnic designations. Turkish ethnicity describes common descent from the people of Central Asian origin whose conquests of the Anatolian peninsula eventually culminated in the Ottoman Empire and the modern state of Turkey. Anatolian describes common descent from the people native to the Anatolian peninsula who share close ethnic ties to the ancient peoples of the fertile crescent and Eastern Mediterranean lands. Most people of Turkish nationality have a blend of both ethnicities as well as Greek (most common toward the Mediterranean and Black Sea coasts) as well as minor traces of other ethnicities.

      Reply

    • Balts are a mixed population of Slavic and Finnic ancestry, what is confirmed by the modern science.

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      • i’d say the slavic portion mostly corresponds with the russian minorities living in these countries, rather than it being a signigicant part of the ethnicities of the baltic nations.

        Reply

  7. The legends has some confusing differencies: I mean T, J2, I2a, I2b are not on the color legend. Please fix it! Thy

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          • HAHA I just wish there was more Chinese etc etc in Camelot but its only black and white in Merlin. not to say the actress was bad in the part its more frustrating you know people want equality but in there views of equality

          • then why is the africans in europe! in the middle ages in the time of christ! Merlin Gunivere is white but they get a biracial actress who is black and white and who is more black

          • Not enough did you know in Merlin tv show there were black and white no other races in Camelot it shows that even with diversity there still is people saying there were only black and white people in arthurian legend and thats bull. I felt somewhat frustrated there wasnt more diversity even though people scream we need diversity

          • And I feel that Blacks shouldn’t be in any movie based on European legends, such as Merlin or this movie with Thor . Europe is a continent of White people.

          • exactly! If there were it was a very rare thing. Gunivere in merlin wouldnt have become queen of camelot! Now there is documented cases of one white guy who landed in japan and was english but about 99 percent of the time it was only one race in there country etc etc

        • there is no such thing as Asia separate from Europe since the border between the two is arbitrary and made only 200 years ago…in ancient Rome Europe was just until Don river, but included whole Anatolia

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    • There are still a lot of Asian people in northern Sweden, Norway, Finland and Russia. In Scandinavian they are called Sami people and have near chinese ancestors

      Reply

    • Aren’t you a turanist screwball, who dreaming about pseudo-scientific fantasy like: turanianst who claim turk, hun, parthian, sumer and scythian fake kinship for Hungarians? Do you believe that Jesus Christ was a parthian Hungarian prince?

      Aren’t you from Alföld region the most poor primitive and backward region of Hungary, which have similar low level of infrastructure and living standard lifestyle like romanians Serbians?

      Aren’t you from the ugly weird alien looking neo- cuman minority who had turkic identity?

      Reply

  10. You should use references. Cite your sources, otherwise the map is invalid. This map is only potentially interesting now…

    Reply

  11. 2 legends? Seriously? This map is a crime against cartography and basic presentation standards (also: butt ugly)

    Reply

    • As a life-long drafter/mapper I think I would say that purpose drives design. This is more of a chart than a map and so needs bright colors and such, easy to read labels and simple concepts. Real life is fuzzier around the edges.

      Reply

  14. So basically you got the vodka genes coming from the north east. The wine genes from the west. Beer-genes from the center. Balkans area loves rakia. Greeks still love ouzo, god knows why. And a steady stream of arabica coffee beans genes has been flowing to italy, before turning into espresso and then getting way too watered-down.

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    • not as funny as your comment though 😉 Why did you not pay attention that Malta is not there but came up with this genius idea ?

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    • Because at least part of Turkey occupies Eastern Thrace and not in Asia Minor, and hence Turkey lies partly in Europe?

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    • Well funny or not include it they did. Turns out Turks are practically Greeks and Albanians with a dash of purple.

      Reply

    • Turks gradually absorbed conquered populations turning them into “turks” (assimilation by language and, very important, religion), so that the descendands of the ancient turks who invaded Anatolia and later Europe can be a minority within present day republic of Turkey.

      Reply

  16. With all due respect, I acknowledge your efforts but this map is painful to the eye and difficult to interpret. The choice of colours and the two legends are not appropriate. What does each pie represent? what is totals in each pie?

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  17. Might it be interesting to also break the charts down by sub-regions?

    –e.g. for Switzerland, one could to the predominately German-speaking cantons in the North, East, and Center, and French-speaking and Italian-speaking cantons, too; alternately, take a stab at a more [admittedly subjective] “Ethnolinguistic” breakdown. For example, “Rhineland” could be a breakdown including parts of France, Germany, and Switzerland. “Basque-country” could span France and Spain where appropriate.

    I mean this as criticism of our overall reliance on the Westphalian Nation State paradigm/system and no of the map itself (a rarely excellent application of the pie chart, in my opinion). And also, the kind of mapping I am talking about is not supported or easily doable in most libraries/packages/platforms that one can make these sorts of maps with. That said, given that we’re looking at data that gives us insight into the past few centuries, which illuminates things about millennia ago, in an ideal knowledge-fairy-tail-world, it might be even more interesting to look at different geographic breaks.

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  18. map is a nonsense, since lots of Lithuanians are now living in Poland (at least 5 mln of Lithuanian origin since at least 1/3 of Poland’s teritory is an ethnic Lithuanian land) and are counted as polish, the same is true with Belarus where at least 30% of population 100 years ago still were Lithuanians, and 200 years ago 70% of today’s Belarus were Lithuanians

    Reply

    • Its a modern Lithuanian point of view. But if you’re interested, here is the Belarusian opinion: Lithuania (or “Litva”, as in all chronicles) is a historical name of what is now ethnic Belarusians. Those who are now called “Lithuanians” are in fact mainly historical “Žemaičiai “, but not Lithuanians (in a historical sence). On the modern Belarusian territory there have never been any large population of Zhemaits and almost 100% of its territory is namley the ethnic Belarusian area. That is, the map reflects the real picture.

      Reply

      • Litva is a name of Lietuva in slavic language like in english it is Lithuania and belorussians 500 years ago even haven’t existed…only after moscovites occupation and annexion of Lietuva land moscovites renamed part of Lietuva to biolorosia and have stolen Ukrainians name and now moscovites call themselves russians as in ancient times Kiev or Kaunegard people Rus people used to call themselves and even in the peace treaty with konstantinopol they showed that they speak at that time (up untill 1045) Lithuanian language

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      • besides you even do not understand what means Zhemaitija in Lithuanian language and that is why you are talking slavic nonsense…Zhemaitija is a low land of Lithuania like and Germany can be divided into low and high lands

        Reply

  19. It’s interesting that the genetic make-up of the British and the Irish is so different from the Scandinavians, and so similar to the French and Spanish.

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  21. I think these maps and the genetic data they try to visualise, *proves* that the whole PIE (Proto-Indo-European) theory is a load of crap.

    These maps show that European nations are a mix of several different races that were different even 50,000 years ago, and at that time these people couldn’t possibly speak a common language.

    The reason why European languages have something in common, while Europe (or even each single country) is a composition of different groups of ancient people, can be found in Europe’s history.

    Europe is product of the dissolution of ancient empires, that have lasted for over two thousand years, and empires make it possible for a mix of races to speak a common language. Just look at USA.

    Reply

    • PIE was the common language of one of the peoples of Eurasia among hundreds of others. PIE spread mostly gradually through its daughter languages, not in a single massive event thousands of years ago. Even by the times of the Roman Empire, there were still many non-IE languages in Europe. So do not take the modern linguistic landscape of Europe as a seamless reproduction of the ancient times. Also, it is important to notice that language has never had a lot to do with one only “race” (actually, having a different paternal haplogroup does not make you “another race”, it’s only Y-DNA, not your whole genetics). Roman Era Italians eventually came to speak a common Latin language, yet they had diverse origins. Also, Franks in France came from further east and in a few decades spoke the same Romance dialect of the Gallo-Romans. And some time later the Normans came from Scandinavia and also threw their Norse language out and came to speak French. So, language is a lot more flexible, and peoples have always moved, mixed and changed their culture, yet they have rarely wiped out one another completely.

      Reply

      • who is PIE??? Lithuanian language 3300 years ago already was the same as today (and in India it changed to become Sanskrit language) and 3000 years ago from Lithuanian language Russian language was born and Herodotus described how it happened…the rest Europe living languages are just 1000 years old, while Latin and old Grecce and old Anglo-Saxon languages are very similar to Lithuanian

        Reply

        • Really? It must be very comforting to think so for a madly nationalist mind (why oh why I am not surprised you are of course Lithuanian?). Keep your unscientific fantasies. They’re very intriguing.

          Reply

          • you are a mad fantasy…everything I say is written with lots of archeological confirmations…btw you must know Lithuanian to even start judging…of cause you are mad and delusional since you are slav

        • You can’t know if Lithuanian was the same as today, because you know too well that there is ZERO documents in Lithuanian before the 15th century, and also because even though Lithuanian is indeed the most conservative Indo-European language today it is nonetheless very different from Sanskrit and from Proto-Indo-European. Some identical or similar words don’t equal “they’re the same language”. Of course everybody knows why Lithuanian is close to Greek or Latin: they’re all Indo-European languages.

          ALL living languages in Europe are thousands of years old. They just came to be called other names because of political and cultural changes and because they changed a lot. Italian is nothing but a remodelled Latin, Hindi is nothing but a remodelled Sanskrit, Modern Greek is nothing but a remodelled Ancient Greek. Stop deluding yourself and spreading lies. Lithuanian is as old as any existing language. It’s just more conservative and less innovative, as is also Icelandic, and that doesn’t mean Icelandic is “old” any more than Italian or German.

          Frankly, if you don’t even know what PIE stands for, which is of course Proto-Indo-European, I’m pretty sure you’re mostly ignorant on the field of historical linguistics, so how can you pretend you know about Sanskrit and other Indo-European ancient languages?

          Also, stop your paranoid thoughts about other people. I’m no Slav at all. I’m just a Brazilian man of Portuguese, Spanish, African and Native American descent. What happens is that I simply get sourced information from real linguists, and not internet wishful thinking. This kind of nationalism of yours blinds oneself to get real, unbiased knowledge. Scientific knowledge becomes just a tool to enhance your ideology at all costs.

          Reply

  23. I would put a single sky-blue circle onto the world map saying “people of this planet”.
    That would be the most brilliant genetic map for all on this level of comprehension.

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  24. I have no way of knowing whether the map is based on serious science, but one thing people often mix up is genetic origin and language. Obviously, people of various genetic lineage speak similar (or simply the same) languages. And the opposite is also true. The Celts are the basis of the populations in Spain and France, yet they speak clearly Neo-Romance languages. The language can be changed within a generation. Ask the many nations conquered and russified by the Russian empire. The genetic make up of any group of people takes a longer time to change… If at all.

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    • There can be no proof, only strong indicators. Without time travel we have no way to know what happened, only what seems likely based on what we have found left over from those times.

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      • Yes, only “strong” indications. Question is, how “strong” these indications really are. One wishes to have had a “thick” stock market of indications – something unfortunately elusive to this day.

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      • the data is based on genetic tests, the accuracy of the haplogroups should be very high. what’s not very accurate is the descriptions of what ethnic groups those haplogroups correspond with, since they cannot be simply translated as haplogroups just don’t easily transfer into ethnic groups – all ethnic groups are made of various haplogroups and all haplogroups are present in various ethnic groups – the translation is based only on the dominant haplogroups and is not an accurate description of the haplogroup “content” in each ethnic group.

        Reply

  26. The proto-Indoeuropean homeland has never been clearly established. It is likely in the eastern reaches of Europe, and not India. There is no proof of a great migration from India.

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  27. Is there any correlation between this map and the map of blood-types (ABO, +/-)? What about between this and the number of phonemes in the indigenous language(s)?

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  28. Assuming they got the test correct my DNA shows we come from the Kurgans, to Sweden and finally down to Britain and now, USA… The problem arises when they check genealogical lines and instead of my surname we find matches only to people with a completely different surname… so was the test contaminated, it’s easy enough to do? It’s so easy that I always look at maps like this with a critical eye.

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  30. First off, those who are saying race/nationality/whatever needs to be considered separately from haplogroup, you are spot on. The prevailing theory is that even though we talk of barbarian “invasions” etc, the underlying populations of those being invaded never really changes significantly. It’s never really like the new population pushes the old population into the sea, as we are led to believe from the history books. People from different haplogroups may intermarry and some, perhaps several, haplogroup lines integrate with the population hundreds to thousands of years later, If that wasn’t the case, then every “pie” would be a solid color.

    Secondly, you should also stop considering language a hallmark of genetics. Case in point, the Franks became the French. The Franks were a Germanic federation of peoples. They don’t speak what we consider a Germanic language, but a Romance one. Throw language out the window.

    Thirdly, the “nationalities” provided at the top of the graph are merely a guide to help the reader understand in which recognizable population the predominant haplogroup has been found. It’s not meant to mean anything definitive. Lighen up.

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  31. The Balt’s archaic language reflects their position as northern spearhead of the R1 invasions. They were the guys w/the sword, axe and horse.Old Prussians lost their language but their traditions might have lived on,… until 1945….juspokinfun!

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  32. The heavy hand of the reconquest and inquisition? Franco’s uncivil war?, Atlantis influence?Ha!, Bellbeaker homeland in Portugal?, Roman slaving?, maybe all of them, maybe none. I wonder also.

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  33. This 10 year old map is a disgrace. A map with clines of dominance would be a place to start improvements. Consider enlarging the map to include Bashkir, Ma’lta, Pamir,etc. Create a version based on 3500 bc and another at 1000 bc. Eliminate political boundries, create areas of influence, Germany needs to be divided into,rheinland/Ruhr, Bavaria , and Northern plains,……………….

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  34. Because Portugal /= Spain [Exihibit A]

    Also this map is bs. It makes absolutlely no sense and has nothing to back it up. I really wish it did since I work in the same field.
    This map became a meme that everyone reposts and it sad because it was made based on less science than alchemy or astrology.

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  35. Ignorance to day r1a is not Aryan. The guy doesn’t even know the origin of Aryan word. Arya is a Sanskrit term for noble, civilised, educated. Just as Greeks called others barbarians, Aryans too called non Aryans as barbarian or anarya that later in Hindi was coined to Anari or illiterate.

    Arya word first was written in script Rig Vedas. And Indians original name was Aryavarta or the land of Aryans.

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    • thing is people dont want to learn and if they do learn they want everything changed the way they want the change like Oriental is a rug but ASIAN is race. yet you have Russian Indian Aniu HMongs etc etc. With Oriental they still use that for resturants sometimes.

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    • Your comment makes almost no sense. Sanskrit is an Indo-European language, buddy. R1A is the Y-DNA haplogroup indicating the Indo-European speaking people. The Vedas are Hindu, which is an Indo-European (R1A) religion, written in an Indo-European language.

      Do not believe the nonsense propaganda that the European use of Aryan is supposed to indicate blonde hair and blue eyes. This is all Jewish propaganda to discredit the actual line of thinking.

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      • So you, dear Gaul, want to be an Aryan, refusing to be a Celt and wanting to be a Scythian. A particularly funny inferiority complex.

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    • Aryan Language was brought to India from Scythia (now Ukraine – always same Scythian people) some 3300 years ago for the last time, but the first trip and civilization establishment happened some 7000 years ago from Anatolya (now Turkey – migrated from Turkmenistan and slaughtered local Greeks and Hittites just 600 years ago)…In Lithuanian language Aryan is cultivator or farmer…In those times all Indians were blue eyed people and no one lived of darker color. Darker people immigrated into India only after agricultural revolution and creation of civilization in 3300 before today…not only Sanskrit is similar to Lithuanian language, but and river Yamuna is of the same name as Lithuania’s largest river Nemunas, then Nepal, India, Java, Baltistan and Lanka are as well Lithuanian words (Indas in Lithuanian is a bowl or a valley of the river).

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  36. Well,.. The Russians did the Baltic women. The same way they did the post ww2 German woman. If you are not a greater or lesser Slav you are nothing

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    • you are an idiot…it is Lithuanian men that do russian women…Lithuanian women like more rich germans or anglosaxons…at least 20 times more Lithuanian men marrying russian women than Lithuanian women marrying russian man…besides a lot of Lithuanian lands are now in russia or belorussia and consequently a lot of Lithuanian genes are in neighboring slavic countries…and after the war soldiers couldn’t rape Lithuanian women since it was already territory of ussr prior and after the war.

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      • Really?, well, If it wasn’t the war ,.. that slav must be one charming dude cause his DNA is written all over your family histories. What I learned in school is that the Baltic states controlled Russian grain prices and shipping until great resentment developed in Russia. That when Russia defeated lithu/Poland, they destroyed the peoples and cultures. The division of Poland w/the Nazi’s was the Russian ‘final solution” to greater Lithuania. Its good to know that some of you still exist. That you are not russified balt’s,.. like the Germanized Prussians

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        • who told you that slav??? there is no such gene since all slavs are of different genetic background because they have formed 1500 years ago from many ethnic groups in Balkans and the main branch arrived from moscow-volga steppes as volgars

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          • bullshit,.. you slavs are a bunch of inbred half-wits. Such assholes to boot. We are also taught that you balts and slavs evolved in a swamp, in isolation for millennia, hiding and cowering in the mud of the Pripiet marsh, that your some kind of human swamp creature, all nasty and vile. Not fully human,…but that was the cold war. You are the 1st slavo/balt that has ever spoke to me and your manner is brutish and stupid(1500 years of Slavic diversification, what a joke). Your an inbred Jed swamp thing, All R1a-Z93. You all look like you have autism. fucked-up but true!

          • even more nonsense from you…you can hate even yourself I do not care, but I know that you know nothing about slavs…who you? and who thought you bulshit? sue him.

          • you anglosaxons and germans are inbred and have some genes of a pig…so what?

          • or what do you call inbred? maybe human race is inbred race since they do not mix like anglosaxons and germans with pigs and monkeys? and why you are anglosaxons and germans? are you inbred and that is why belonging to some group of degenerated inbreds and even have the name for yourselves – anglosaxons and germans? good for you, you brainless half pigs

          • Whoa, Whoa, Whoa, I enjoy an ethnic stereotype joke as much as the next guy, but I got two words that blows your slav-balt rant to pieces: Anna Kournikova

          • Well,.. Anna is a good argument against the swamp thing theory.

    • “The same way they did the post ww2 German woman.”

      At least for the German populace this hasn’t left a genetic trace of any significant amount.
      In total 4300 children from Russian rape. (
      Source: Miriam Gebhardt: Als die Soldaten kamen. Die Vergewaltigung deutscher Frauen am Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs. DVA, München 2015, S. 32 f. )

      Both German as well as all allied authorities (including sovjets) made abortion legal for rape victims during the time btw.

      The whole behaviour is quite shoccking, also lots of rapes have taken place by the western allys, the storys of jewish women who just survived and escapted concentration camps and then are gang raped (sometimes to death) by sovjet soldiers is also pretty fucked up.

      Source:
      Berlin 1945: War and Rape „Liberators Take Liberties“, S. 53 f.

      Reply

  37. The amount of text used to justify the use of halogroups, the felt need of the author to justify genetic differences, is the end of science and the start of “political correctnes” getting a bit too far.

    How can we be “all equal” if obviously we are not?

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    • the fact that the haplogroups are different doesn’t mean one is better than the other… he is correct, we are all equal.

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      • Yup we’re all equal, put into a gene blender and mulched into a mass of disturbing past historical documentation of how exactly we ended up here

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  40. Actually, I’m not a fan of such maps, but it represents some interesting stuff. At first, it’s strange a bit for me, that they don’t consider Baltic people as an ethnos, but just as kinda mixed children of Finnish and Slavic people. But it’s interesting that Slavs have familiarism with the Nordic people: I always thought that we are very close to each other. On the other hand, it’s interesting, that Ukraine and Belorussia have more familiarism with Finland than Hungary ) (it’s obvious that Russia has so much because Ugro-Finnic people always lived there, but were assimilated with Slavic people to a great extent). And Austria isn’t Germany’s sister, but more similar with Hungary. And huge point is the map showes only men’s ancestry. As I’m a girl it doesn’t suit me well 🙂 (But I know my own roots, however). And the hugest point is there is no clear nation or ethnos at all, and it’s good. It beats the idea of racism.

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    • all such maps are nonsensical maps…you can create thousands of them showing various similarities and closeness even between china and scandinavia, as well as extreme differences between oslo and bergen…Lithuania and Belarus only where divided 100 years ago, since before it there were living the same nation

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  42. In my opinion, Memes are far more important in defining our identity than Genes. These are what give us our ethnic, cultural and national identity.

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  43. “The Balkans is probably the most genetically diverse region in Europe”
    I have been saying that my native Greece has been the place of the greatest orgy in the world. Seems that I am right!

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    • No, or not mainly because of that.

      It is older than that. Think about that agriculture originated at the near east and spread to Europe via migrating neolithic farmers through Anatolia. Obviously not everyone, not even the majority of the population migrated from there to Europe only a part of the people, the bulk part stayed where they were. Then think about the population mixture during the time Alexander the Great and his successors but even before him the Greek expansion in the Mediterranean with colonies everywhere from Turkey to Sicily and Carthage, etc. The western-most part of Turkey (the cost) was essentially greek up until the end of world war I. Then think about the Roman Empire within which there was a relatively free and abundant migration for centuries (inlcuding the Eastern-Roman Empire which stood until the 15th century with including present-day Turkey and Greece). Its fall did not mean that the population was mass-slaughters and replaced, they “only” changed religion but stayed where they were. Add the occupation of the Balkan (todays Bulgaria, Greece, Albania and Romania) to this for a couple of more centuries – which blurred the differences further between the Balkan and Turkey – and you will no longer find it surprising that Turkey is to a large extent European genetically (more specifically: Balkan) with some flavour from the near-East.

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  45. its because there are strong russian minorities living in these countries, not just the baltic nations.

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  46. What the hell are you on about? The baltic countries include Estonia – where Estonian is spoken – which is NOT an indo-european language. It’s not even remotely related to the other language groups in Europe. It is a Uralic language and they are Finnic-Ugric people. I would know – I am Estonian. There are three Baltic states – not two as you seem to want to imply (no, as much as many Estonians want to pretend, we are not nordic or scandinavian and actually genetically closer to Russians and Finns – as this map supports – than we are to nords. We had our genes mapped – and guess where a big portion of our closest genetic matches occurred? (Keep in mind we have solid proof of having been in Estonia for the last 1,000 years at minimum) Finland, Russia, Estonia, and Latvia. You don’t get to just conveniently omit Estonia for your theory – because it is quite well defined as a Baltic country even though linguistically it is closer to Finnish and culturally we have a mix of influences due to having been taken over by many countries throughout history.

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    • And they migrate, and immigrate as well as emigrate. 🙂

      One of THE most important items to note is that when an “invading” or “conquering” group come into a region, the indigenous are not wiped out of existence or “pushed into the sea” as the comment, nicely, states. Rather, the “conquering” or “invading” group bring their genetics into the indigenous population. At least that is born by DNA evidence of the the majority of the “old world” where humans have been interacting with each other for a very long time.

      In regard to the “new world”, it has a more recent history of invasion, in particular from sea faring cultures of Europe, in particular, Spain and England as the major players. The indigenous, unfortunately, were seemingly “pushed into the sea” by the diseases brought to the “new world” by Europeans. Given the immense and massive population of North and South America, if it hadn’t been for disease the fight over those lands would have been a LOT longer and would likely have resulted in a greater genetic mixture with much more surviving indigenous DNA.

      The point of genetic maps is not to give nationalists more ammunition by which to manipulate data for their own self interests, but to show that our humanity is comprised of ultimate SIMILARITY rather than the various more narrow “markers” that these types of maps illustrate. Self interested nationalism with take and manipulate science data to fit their narrative, and that is very UN-scientific. Political opinion is not science, rather it is an expression of humanities inability to raise our collective intelligence to a higher level. Science tries to give us information and data to help us achieve a greater and broader understanding of our world and how we ALL belong within it as equals and partners.

      Science has grown and achieved greater levels of understanding at a much greater rate than politics has achieved even though politics have existed has been practiced by man since man could “think” about how to take from another who he “thought” was not like him. And that’s been around and in us from our ancient human apelike ancestors.

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      • How did Disease wipe out people? When conquerors did there thing some of them like the Vikings were christains and new evidence found out they would go into a village and try to asslimate the people instead of rape and pillage. Why today people come in and conquer there is no disease anymore.

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        • You’re looking at the small number of vikings and the possibility that they came to the “new world”. When they came they came to North America in SMALL numbers, and then went back. Some stayed, and their small number was assimilated. I’m not talking about Vikings, who did the great majority of their conquering IN EUROPE!

          I’m talking about the LARGE invasion of Europeans from Spain and England who came in large droves after Columbus. Those Europeans brought disease, namely “small pox”, that the indigenous Americans had no immunity to. Those diseases spread like wildfire and killed hundreds of millions in North and South America, much much more than the small number of actual conquerors.

          Also, this has NOTHING to do with “today”, and I don’t know why you even bring that up. As for disease existing today, are you that ignorant?
          There are plenty of diseases still in the world today, and if we didn’t vaccinate our children, as most developed countries do, those diseases would once again spread. What we do have “today” is modern medicine and medications that help a person survive an infection. Bubonic plague, the “black dealth”, still very much exists today. However, we have medications that help a person who contracts it to survive. And with modern knowledge and quarantine, we can keep the general public safe.

          Again, I’m talking about the time in the early 1500’s not the 20th and 21st centuries. People who don’t understand the history of the past are ignorant of their present, and certainly capable of stupidity in the future.

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    • Wales has always cost more to occupy than the return on the investment (I’m sitting in Bridgend as I write this).

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  49. I’m intrigued by the clear genetic divide that almost follows the old Iron Curtain except that Austria is in the Eastern Half

    I Presume this genetic divide was much less clear before the Forced Expulsions at the end of WW2?

    This Article concerns the large Slavic trace in Austria
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22848647

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  50. “We do not tolerate racists and/or bigoted comments on this site.”

    In other words: we promote genocide on this site, and if you have a problem with it you will be censored.

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  51. Why is there always so much propaganda trying to make white people feel bad about themselves? I had a teacher like that at school where all he would do is make other cultures feel great about themselves, and nothing about the European culture I was living in. All it did was make me feel resentful and want to find out about my culture after I left school. If you look at a British person next to Portuguese they look very different

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  53. Cut the Baltic Inferiority Complex and stick to the facts. It’s clearly seen from this map that they def belong mostly to the Slavic people genetically. Also keep politics and the lament of the great Lithuanian past out of it.

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    • yes, cut your stupidity and inferiority complex and leave intelligent talk to intelligent people…and stop bshitting…and first of all slavic people were created in balkans while in Lithuania (including Crimea) still lived Baltic people

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      • ROFLMAO. The Baltic midgets got triggered. Fuck off, you idiots. My country was found in 681 AD with the same name and same language till now. And who the fuck are you, dumbshit inferiority complex dwarves? Go fuck yourselves, no one knows about you. You are so obnoxious and decrepit that you are trying to make the world pay attention to you only when you live in the shadow of Russia. Such a bad potato joke.

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        • you suck your big dick and then ROFLMAO. you idiot cocksucker, who are you and what is your country of idiots?

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        • This is hilariously stupid arguing. I can bet money you wouldn’t talk to each other that way if you were face-to-face. Imagine getting so worked up over something so stupid believing you’re better than somebody else because you happen to be born somewhere (something you did not choose and did not contribute to in any way). Grow up for fcuksake and get a life.

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          • this cocksucker Distant Warrior doesn’t care about what you say, he cares only about his stupidity display

          • I completely agree with you. One is not proud because he has green eyes indeed, s/he was born that way and had no say in that. I was just trolling. But fucken ignorant kids drive me up the wall nonetheless. Also you gonna lose that bet you are waging. Just saying.

          • 99 percent of these “fucken ignorant kids” you speak of live in Ruski land. That’s why Russia’s population is rapidly declining and won’t make it into the next century. You have lost the bet you are wagering. But losing it what Ruskis are good at.

        • Nobody lives in the shadow of Ruskis. Especially with the US exporting LNG to Eastern Europe and driving the Russian economy into the ground. Lithuania gave us great resistance fighters who killed tons of Ruski commie scum and Nazis. Not to mention Charles Bronson. Your Russia has given the world nothing but trouble. And don’t start about WW2, because there never would have been a war in Europe if you Ruskis hadn’t have given the Nazis all the oil you did. You need to get fucked Ruski boy.

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          • GFY, doofus. I’m not Russian. If u were not a dumbshit retard you would know Russia was founded 200 years after my country. Now if you wanna suck dick of the Baltic & Ukraine SS Nazi divisions it’s a different story. Stick to your shitty country history – at least it’s pretty short, and regurgitating the neoMcCarthy BS from the 50s of last century & bugger off.

  54. You have failed to understand the science that is behind this information.

    You have applied nationality where NON was intended nor supported.
    The genetic overlay over a modern map is only there to help illustrate where certain genetic markers have spread.

    There is NOTHING, not a single thing stated by this genetic data that even hints at which genetic marker is “older”. Only people who have early human, tribal, and nationalistic needs for power and dominance, would ascribe a “less” or “more” to this information.

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  55. On most of the maps of Europe or the Balkans,for example The Genetic Map Of Europe
    Macedonia and the Macedonian DNA are not shown or omitted. Much more information is available on the old medieval or 19th century maps.
    I highly appreciate your articles and I respect it, I hope to get an answer.

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  56. “In humans, haplogroups can either be based on Y-DNA which is passed from father to son or mtDNA which is passed from mother to offspring of both sexes.

    The map above is only based on Y-DNA, thus only shows male common ancestors not female ones. Moreover, it should obviously not be used to imply that any country is better than any other. While we there may be differences between some of us, we are all equal. ”

    In order to proof that “we are equal”, in humans there are Y-DNA, X-DNA and I-DNA that are Father LineAge (Y-DNA), Mother LineAge(X-DNA) and the oldest one is Child LineAge (I-DNA).

    Make a map of that please. 🙂

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